Build a Dynamic, Reusable Lightning Datatable in Salesforce LWC (With Metadata-Driven Columns, Search & Pagination)

				
						/**
	 * Author: KIRAN SREERAM PRATHI
	 * DynamicDataTableController.cls
	 * 
	 * This Apex class provides a method to fetch dynamic data for a Lightning Web Component (LWC) data table.
	 * It accepts a JSON string as input, which specifies the object name, fields to retrieve, optional 
	 * filtering conditions, and limit size. The method constructs a SOQL query based on the input parameters,
	 * executes it, and returns the results along with metadata about the columns.
	 */
	public with sharing class DynamicDataTableController {
	
	    public class DataRequest {
	        @AuraEnabled public String objectName;
	        @AuraEnabled public List fields;
	        @AuraEnabled public String whereClause;
	        @AuraEnabled public Integer limitSize;
	    }
	
	    public class DataResponse {
	        @AuraEnabled public List> rows;
	        @AuraEnabled public List columns;
	    }
	    public class ColumnMeta {
	        @AuraEnabled public String label;
	        @AuraEnabled public String fieldName;
	        @AuraEnabled public String type;
	    }
	
	    @AuraEnabled(cacheable=true)
	    public static DataResponse getDynamicData(String request) {
	        System.debug('Raw request string: ' + request);
	
	        if (String.isBlank(request)) {
	            throw new AuraHandledException('Request body is missing.');
	        }
	
	        // Explicitly deserialize JSON string to Apex object
	        DataRequest parsedRequest = (DataRequest) JSON.deserialize(request, DataRequest.class);
	
	        System.debug('Parsed Request: ' + JSON.serialize(parsedRequest));
	
	        if (String.isBlank(parsedRequest.objectName)) {
	            throw new AuraHandledException('Object name is required.');
	        }
	
	        if (parsedRequest.fields == null || parsedRequest.fields.isEmpty()) {
	            throw new AuraHandledException('At least one field must be provided.');
	        }
	
	        // Validation and Query Building (same as before)
	        Map schemaMap = Schema.getGlobalDescribe();
	        if (!schemaMap.containsKey(parsedRequest.objectName)) {
	            throw new AuraHandledException('Invalid object name: ' + parsedRequest.objectName);
	        }
	
	        Map fieldMap = schemaMap
	            .get(parsedRequest.objectName)
	            .getDescribe()
	            .fields.getMap();
	
	        List validFields = new List();
	        List columns = new List();
	
	        for (String field : parsedRequest.fields) {
	            if (fieldMap.containsKey(field)) {
	                validFields.add(field);
	                Schema.DescribeFieldResult describeField = fieldMap.get(field).getDescribe();
	
	                ColumnMeta col = new ColumnMeta();
	                col.label = describeField.getLabel();
	                col.fieldName = field;
	                col.type = getLwcFieldType(describeField);
	                columns.add(col);
	            }
	        }
	
	        if (validFields.isEmpty()) {
	            throw new AuraHandledException('No valid fields found for ' + parsedRequest.objectName);
	        }
	
	        String soql = 'SELECT ' + String.join(validFields, ',') + ' FROM ' + parsedRequest.objectName + ' WITH SECURITY_ENFORCED';
	
	        if (!String.isBlank(parsedRequest.whereClause)) {
	            soql += ' WHERE ' + parsedRequest.whereClause;
	        }
	
	        if (parsedRequest.limitSize != null && parsedRequest.limitSize > 0) {
	            soql += ' LIMIT ' + parsedRequest.limitSize;
	        } else {
	            soql  += ' LIMIT 200';
	        }
	
	        System.debug('SOQL Query: ' + soql);
	
	        List records = Database.query(soql);
	
	        List> dataList = new List>();
	        for (SObject s : records) {
	            Map recordMap = new Map();
	            for (String field : validFields) {
	                recordMap.put(field, s.get(field));
	            }
	            dataList.add(recordMap);
	        }
	
	        DataResponse response = new DataResponse();
	        response.rows = dataList;
	        response.columns = columns;
	
	        return response;
	    }
	
	    private static String getLwcFieldType(Schema.DescribeFieldResult fieldDescribe) {
	        Schema.DisplayType fieldType = fieldDescribe.getType();
	
	        switch on fieldType {
	            when Email      { return 'email'; }
	            when Phone      { return 'phone'; }
	            when Url        { return 'url'; }
	            when Currency   { return 'currency'; }
	            when Double     { return 'number'; }
	            when Integer    { return 'number'; }
	            when Percent    { return 'percent'; }
	            when Boolean    { return 'boolean'; }
	            when Date       { return 'date'; }
	            when DateTime   { return 'date'; }
	            when else       { return 'text'; }
	        }
	    }
}